- Metabolic syndrome as a clinical challenge and a serious health problem, is on the rise, driven by urbanization, intense lifestyles, sedentary lifestyles and weight gain.
- Metabolic syndrome is defined as the interrelationship of physiological, biochemical, clinical, and metabolic factors that directly increase the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, stroke, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and polycystic ovary syndrome and death by any reason.
- The prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome worldwide ranges from <10% to 84% depending on the region, environment, urban or rural, gender, age, race, ethnicity, etc. It is generally estimated that 25% of the world’s adult population has Metabolic Syndrome.
Higher socioeconomic status, sedentary lifestyle and increased body mass index (BMI) are significantly associated with Metabolic Syndrome.
Also diet, physical (in)activity, smoking, family history of diabetes mellitus, education, all affect the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome.
- Metabolic syndrome is a set of several factors such as:
– insulin resistance with increased fasting glycemia (above 5.6 mmol / l),
– visceral obesity (≥88 cm in women and ≥102 cm in men) or BMI
> 30 kg / m2,
– dyslipidaemia (increased triglyceride level ≥8.3 mmol / l,
decreased HDL level <2.2 mmol / l in men and <2.8 mmol / l in women)
– increased blood pressure (systolic ≥130 mm Hg or diastolic ≥ 85
mm Hg)
- Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus by five times, and doubles the risk of developing cardiovascular disease over the next 5-10 years. It also increases the risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
